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James Shelby Downard (March 13, 1913 – March 16, 1998)〔Obituaries, ''the Daily Ardmorite'', March 18, 1998.〕 was an American conspiracy theorist whose works, most of which have been published in various anthologies from Feral House, examined perceived occult symbolism, twilight language and synchronicity behind historical events in the 20th century. Shelby is known for his addition to Masonic conspiracy theories with his belief that the Freemasons were responsible for the assassination of President John F. Kennedy through a ritual known as "Killing of the King". == Biography == Vankin and Whalen write of Downard, Downard is known for his essay (“King-Kill/33: Masonic Symbolism in the Assassination of John F. Kennedy” ), originally published by Adam Parfrey in the first edition of the book ''Apocalypse Culture'', which speculates that the Freemasons were responsible for the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. The essay was removed from the second edition of the book and replaced by another essay by Downard, “The Call to Chaos”. ''Apocalypse Culture II'' contains another Downard essay, “America, The Possessed Corpse”. Jim Keith, editor of yet another Feral House publication, ''Secret and Suppressed: Banned Ideas and Hidden History'', included “Sorcery, Sex, Assassination”, the original article of which King Kill/33 is an abridgement. Included in ''Cult Rapture'' is “Riding the Downardian Nightmare”, a piece written by Parfrey concerning a visit to Downard in Memphis, Tennessee. Downard was assisted in many of his earlier works by his good friend, William N. Grimstad. Grimstad is better known as Jim Brandon, author of the Fortean classics, ''Weird America: A Guide to Places of Mystery in the United States'' and ''The Rebirth of Pan: Hidden Faces of the American Earth Spirit''. In the early 1970s he was assisted in his writing and editing by John and Darlene Cox in Lake Havasu; then, later in the early 1980s he resided with John and Karen Bissell in Estacada, Oregon where Karen typed his manuscripts and John assisted with research. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「James Shelby Downard」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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